Matrix metalloproteinase-2 governs lymphatic vessel formation as an interstitial collagenase.
نویسندگان
چکیده
Lymphatic dysfunctions are associated with several human diseases, including lymphedema and metastatic spread of cancer. Although it is well recognized that lymphatic capillaries attach directly to interstitial matrix mainly composed of fibrillar type I collagen, the interactions occurring between lymphatics and their surrounding matrix have been overlooked. In this study, we demonstrate how matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 drives lymphatic morphogenesis through Mmp2-gene ablation in mice, mmp2 knockdown in zebrafish and in 3D-culture systems, and through MMP2 inhibition. In all models used in vivo (3 murine models and thoracic duct development in zebrafish) and in vitro (lymphatic ring and spheroid assays), MMP2 blockage or down-regulation leads to reduced lymphangiogenesis or altered vessel branching. Our data show that lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC) migration through collagen fibers is affected by physical matrix constraints (matrix composition, density, and cross-linking). Transmission electron microscopy and confocal reflection microscopy using DQ-collagen highlight the contribution of MMP2 to mesenchymal-like migration of LECs associated with collagen fiber remodeling. Our findings provide new mechanistic insight into how LECs negotiate an interstitial type I collagen barrier and reveal an unexpected MMP2-driven collagenolytic pathway for lymphatic vessel formation and morphogenesis.
منابع مشابه
VASCULAR BIOLOGY Matrix metalloproteinase-2 governs lymphatic vessel formation as an interstitial collagenase
1Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliqué-Recherche (GIGA-Cancer), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium; 2Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Neurovascular Link, Vesalius Research Center, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie–KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium; 3Unit of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, Liège, ...
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عنوان ژورنال:
- Blood
دوره 119 21 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2012